Piston and piston ring



v M. O. TEETQR PISTON AND PISTON RING Filed No"). 5, 1925 Patented Jan. 2% I931 MACY 0.'TEE'10E, F HAGERSTOWN, INDIANA, ASSIGNQB; TO THE PERFEL'I. omcm COTE- EANY, 0F HAGERSTOWN, INDIANA, A GQRPORAEION OF INDIANA.

PISTON AND FIS'EQE RING Application filed November My invention relates to pistons and piston rings and more particularly to means for sealing the piston ring'in the groove in the piston. p

The principal object of my invention is to provide a novel and simple construction for clamping the piston ring between the head and body of the piston for the purpose of seal ing it atits edges and thus prevent the leakage of fluid behind the ring.

More particular, I providea head which is so attached to the body of the piston that movement of the head towards the piston is restrained only by the piston ringagainst which the head engages while movement of the head in the opposite direction is positive- 1y limited by the form of connection employed.

Still another object of my invention is to to the piston body. I

With the above and other incidental objects in view which will appear from the following description, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, the'essential elements whereof are described in detail hereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In said drawings, Figure 1' is a vertical cross section taken through a. iston and piston ring illustrating the pre' erred form of embodiment of my invention; Fig. 52 is va perspective view showing the head and body of the piston ring in separated relation; and Fig. 3 is a cross section through the piston as on the line 3-3 of Fig. l.

Referrin to the drawings, the lower portion of the ody 4 of the piston is of the usual conventional form. The body is provided with the ordinary bosses 5 for receiving the wrist pin forconnecting the connecting rod to the piston.- The upper'end of the body is open and is provided with oppositely-positioned inwardly-extending segmental projec" tions or wings 7. The head 8 is preferably in the form of a disk provided with a central depending integral boss 9 having oppositelypositioned outwardly-extendin segmental projections 01' wing 10. The piston ring 11 is preferably channel-shaped in cross section into the threaded opening 14, the plain rep rovidle novel means for connecting the head.

5, 1925. Serial No. 66,919.

but it may be plain or of any other desirable cross-sectional contour. When the parts are to be assembled, the ring 10 is seated on the upper edge or seat 13of the body of the piston and then the head 8 is brought into engage ment with the upper edge of the ring by in-v sorting the projections 10 into the body between the'projections 7. The head is then t given a quarter'turn to bring the projections 10 under thecorrespondingly shaped projec tions 7 and to bring an aperturel i in the head and an aperture 15 in one of the wings 10 into registry with an aperture -16 in one of the projections 7. Finally, a screw 18-is screwed duced lower end of the screw then projecting' through the aperture lfiand into the aperture 16 to prevent rotation of the'head withrcspect to the body of the piston.

Merely for the sake of explanation of the r operation, it might be assumed that the piston is employed in a four-cycle internal combustion engine. It will be obvious that while pressure (called fluid pressure herein) is exerted on the head by the gases in the coinbustion space during the compression, explos sion and exhaust strokes of the piston, the head is forced firmly against the piston ring, the lower edge of the. ring then being clamped against the. seat 13. As there is a free connection between the head and the body,'that is a connection which does not resiliently or otherwise restrain the movement of the head towards the body, it will be obvious that the pressure exerted on the head is fully applied to the piston ring thus efiectually sealing the ring at its edges to prevent all leakage of fluid past the edges of the ring. The greater the fluid pressure the better the sealing action which is an advan- 9o tageous feature. During the suction stroke,

the fluid pressure on the head is relieved and the piston ring is free to readjust itself to meet any changing. condition in the piston or cylinder of the engine. it will also be 95 clear that the form of connection which I have shown .is simple and cheap in construction and yet well adapted for the performance'of the objects to be attained. While I prefer this form of connection, it will be its obvious that other forms of connection may be employed if desired.

While I have shown but one form of embodiment of my invention, yet ii; is obvious that various changes may be made therein without departure from the spirit of she invention.

I claim:

1. The combination of a piston ring end a piston having a body, abodily movable hear. and eonneeting means between she body and bead permitting the fluid pressure on the head to :force the heed against the ring and clamp it between the head and body without expanding the rin-m 2. The combination of a piston having body, a movable head end connecting means between said head and body adopted io permit free movement of the head. toward the body end to limit movement'of the head in the opposite direction, and a piston ring having'porollel edges engaged by the head end body so that when fluid pressure is exerted on the head the ring is clamped in position withoui: expanding it.

3. The combination of a piston s body, e movable head, connecting rneens between 'bhe heed and body coinprisingineerloeking projections adapted to permit free movement of the head toward the body and to-lirniimovement-of the head in the opposite direotion, and e piston ring between the head and body the engagement of the head against the piston ring being nnr-esirsined by the connecting means,

i. The combination of a piston heving a body, m-niovebie heed, connection means etween. the and body comprising interlooking projections adopted to permii: free movement of the head toward the body end to limit movement of the head in the opposite direction, a piston ring between the head and body engagement of theheed against the piston ring being unrestrained by the connecting meens, and means carried by said head and. freely engaging said projections for preventing rotation of the heed.v

5; The eornbination of a piston heving e. body, movable head, and connecting means between bend and bod constructed to be conneeied by moving the sad exieiiy oi the piston end then rotating one with respect to proiee'isionson the body to limit movement of "ihehesd away from the body but permit onrestrained movement of the head against the piston ring, and a piston ring between. the head and body,

TI. The eombinsiion of a piston having a body, a movable heed, projections on the head, correspondingly shaped projections on the body adapted to the position under the projections on the body to limit movement of the heed away from the body but permitunrestrained movement of the head against the piston ring, 9, piston ring between. the head and body, and means proyeoting ehrough she head end coecting projection for preventing rotation of the head.

8. in. a fluid-actuated piston, 21- ring-carrying groove, a piston ring in said groove, and fluid pressure-controlled means movable by being directly subjeeted to the fluid pressure acting on the piston for positively sealing the side edges of said ring in said groove without expansion of the ring when finid pressure is seizing on the top of the piston.

9. in e piston, a body, a head carried in speeed relation to said body to form a groove therebetween, the connection between said head and body being such as to provide 11 variable width groove, and a ring loosely mounted in said groove and adopted to be sealed in said groove to exclude pressure from the rear thereof by the iiuid pressure acting on the top of the iston to move said head against said ringft e pressure exerted by said head also being adapted to prevent expansion of the ring during ihis pressure seeing period. i s

1.0. In s pisfon, a body having on open top with inwardly projecting horizontal flange segments, esbeed' having a central support with horizontal ilenoe segments at its end op posits the head, send head flange segments being adapted to pass between said body flange segments and to be rotated thereunder during assembly to permit reoiproceiion of said heed relative to said body but to pre-' vent its removal iherefroime ring between said head and body and means for maintain ing the said essernb' ed relation of said flange segments while permitting said reoiprocatory movement. I

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

MAUY o rsn'ros.

iii)

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1, 789,570. v I I Granted January 20, 1931, to-

MAGY 0. TEETOR,

It is herebycertified that error appears in the printed specification of the -above numbered patent requiring correction as follovys: Page 2, line 68, claim 7, for the words "the position" read be positioned; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 24th day otFebruary, A: D. 1931.

M. J. Moore,

(Seal) I I Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

